Tungro

Caused by: Rice tungro bacilliform virus (RTBV)
Problem Category: Viral Disease
Symptoms: Plants are stunted with a yellow-orange discoloration; plants may have a reduced number of tillers and rust colored spots on leaves; leaves may be mottled, striped or exhibit interveinal necrosis
Comments: Disease is the most severely damaging virus of rice in South and Southeast Asia; virus is transmitted by leafhoppers
Management: Rice varieties resistant to tungro virus have been developed and control the disease successfully; intense cultivation has led to the breakdown of the resistance by some virulent leafhopper strains; in Indonesia, the disease is successfully controlled by scheduling planting to obtain synchronous development and practicing crop rotation with resistant varieties
Control: spray neem oil 2litres mixed with 25 kg sand or spray vitex decoction to control tungro virus.