Charcoal rot

Caused by: Macrophomina phaseolina
Problem Category: Fungal Disease
Symptoms: Discoloration of stem at soil line; cankers on stem may spread upwards; leaves may wilt and drop from plant; numerous small black sclerota (fungal fruiting bodies) develop in affected tissues and can be used to diagnose the disease
Comments: Fungus had a wide host range and affects beans, tobacco, soybean, pigeon pea and many other crops; disease is primarily spread via microsclerota in the soil
Management: Rotate crop to non-host to reduce build-up of inoculum in the soil; avoid water stress to plants by irrigating when required
Control: spray 2 times Cowdung+urine +Asafoetida solution in 10 days interval.